![]() ![]() Effects of chromium picolinate supplementation on body composition: a randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled study. A randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled study of the effects of chromium picolinate supplementation on body composition: a replication and extension of a previous study. Kaats GR, Blum K, Pullin D, Keith SC, Wood R. Effect of chromium supplementation and exercise on body composition, resting metabolic rate and selected biochemical parameters in moderately obese women following an exercise program. Volpe SL, Huang H-W, Larpadisorn K, Lesser II. Variance imputation for overviews of clinical trials with continuous response. Assessing the quality of reports of randomised clinical trials: is blinding necessary? Control Clin Trials 1996 17: 1–12.įollmann D, Elliott P, Suh I, Cutler J. Jadad AR, Moore RA, Carrol D, Jenkinson C, Reynolds DJM, Gavaghan DJ et al. Review of the usefulness of contacting other experts when conducting a literature search for systematic reviews. McManus RJ, Wilson S, Delaney BC, Fitzmaurice DA, Hyde CJ, Tobias RS, Jowett S, Hobbs FDR. Encyclopedia of natural medicine (2nd rev. Effects of chromium on body composition and weight loss. Divergent trends in obesity and fat intake patterns: the American paradox. Obesity in Britain: gluttony or sloth? BMJ 1995 311: 437–439. As obesity rates rise, experts struggle to explain why. Reversing the increasing problem of obesity in England. Prevalence and trends in obesity among US adults 1999–2000. N Engl J Med 2002 347: 305–313.įlegal KM, Carroll MD, Ogden CL, Johnson CL. Kenchaiah S, Evans JC, Levy D, Wilson PWF, Benjamin EJ, Larson MG, Kannel WB, Vasan RS. Impact of overweight on the risk of developing common chronic diseases during a 10-year period. Arch Int Med 2000 160: 898–904.įield AE, Coakley EH, Must A, Spadano JL, Laird N, Dietz WH, Rimm E, Colditz GA. National Task Force on the Prevention and Treatment of Obesity. Obesity: preventing and managing the global epidemic. The clinical relevance of the effect is debatable and the lack of robustness means that the result has to be interpreted with caution. In conclusion, our meta-analysis suggests a relatively small effect of chromium picolinate compared with placebo for reducing body weight. Three of the reviewed trials reported on adverse events, indicating their absence in the treatment groups. Sensitivity analysis suggests that this effect is largely dependent on the results of a single trial (weighted mean difference: −0.9 kg 95% CI: −2.0 to 0.2 kg, n=335). For body weight a significant differential effect was found in favour of chromium picolinate (weighted mean difference: −1.1 kg 95% confidence interval (CI): −1.8 to −0.4 kg, n=489). Ten trials met all inclusion criteria and provided data, which were suitable for statistical pooling. To be included, studies were required to state that they were randomized, double-blind and placebo-controlled, and report on body weight. The screening of studies, selection, data extraction, validation and the assessment of methodological quality were performed independently by two reviewers. ![]() There were no restrictions regarding the language of publication. Nine experts and four manufacturers of commercial preparations containing chromium picolinate were asked to contribute published and unpublished studies. Literature searches were conducted on Medline, Embase, The Cochrane Library, Amed and Ciscom. ![]() Take Charge: Make one charge into another (Chapter 7: Alone” in the Wasteland.The aim of this meta-analysis was to assess the evidence of chromium picolinate for reducing body weight.Charge Off: Make one charge off a cliff (at your very first encounter with Gunk Critters).Slip One Past: Sneak up and clog (grab and kill an unaware gunk spitter).Two Birds With One Stone: Throw one on another (pickup one of the little Gunk Critters (hold RT) and throw him at another Critter (LT + RT)).Space Archaeologists: Scan every scannable type of object (check how to scannable objects).Learning on the Go: Scan fifteen objects with RB in the first open area.All In: Craft all upgrades (check how to unlock upgrades).Give me Five: Craft five upgrades (check how to unlock upgrades).What’s so bad about wilderness?: defeat The Gardener at the end of chapter 8.Friends After All: Story based and cannot be missed.Try Some Gardening: Story based and cannot be missed = just enter the garden.Charged Up: defeat a Gunk Beast in your first encounter with it in Chapter 5.Mega Gunk: clear the Gunk Tower in chapter 5 = reach the top > device with 3 things attached > vacuum off.Land the Ship: Story based and cannot be missed.First Gunk: Story based and cannot be missed. ![]()
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